Q1. Who is considered the 24th Tirthankara in Jainism?
A1. Lord Mahavira.
Q2. What is the Jain concept that emphasizes non-violence and non-harming?
A2. Ahimsa.
Q3. Which sacred text contains the teachings and principles of Jainism?
A3. Agamas.
Q4. What is the primary goal of a Jain practitioner?
A4. Attaining liberation (Moksha).
Q5. Who is regarded as the founder of Buddhism?
A5. Siddhartha Gautama.
Q6. What is the ultimate goal in Buddhism?
A6. Nirvana.
Q7. Which of the following is one of the Four Noble Truths in Buddhism?
A7. Suffering (Dukkha).
Q8. What is the role of a Bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism?
A8. Someone on the path to Buddhahood who helps others.
Q9. What is the primary symbol of Jainism that represents the path of righteousness?
A9. Swastika.
Q10. Which Tirthankara is known as the "Arihant" or the "Conqueror" in Jainism?
A10. Lord Mahavira.
Q11. In Jainism, what is the term for the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth?
A11. Samsara.
Q12. What is the significance of fasting in Jainism?
A12. It is a means to purify the soul and control desires.
Q13. What is the central concept in Buddhism that addresses the cause of suffering?
A13. The Second Noble Truth - The origin of suffering is craving.
Q14. Which Buddhist school of thought emphasizes meditation and mindfulness practices?
A14. Zen Buddhism.
Q15. What is the role of the "Middle Way" in Buddhism?
A15. It is a balanced approach between extremes, taught by the Buddha for achieving enlightenment.
Q16. What is the significance of the Bodhi Tree in Buddhism?
A16. It's where Siddhartha Gautama achieved enlightenment and became the Buddha.
Q29. What is the primary aim of Jain rituals and practices?
A29. Purification of the soul and achieving spiritual progress.
Q30. What is the Swetambara sect known for in Jainism?
A30. The Swetambara sect is known for its practice of wearing white clothing.
Q31. Who is considered the last Tirthankara in Jainism?
A31. Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara.
Q32. What are the Five Precepts in Buddhism?
A32. They are ethical guidelines for Buddhists, including refraining from killing, stealing, sexual misconduct, false speech, and intoxicants.
Q33. What is the term for the community of monks and nuns in Buddhism?
A33. Sangha.
Q34. Which branch of Buddhism believes in the potential for Buddhahood in every sentient being?
A34. Mahayana Buddhism.
Q35. What is the role of "Sutras" in Buddhism?
A35. Sutras are sacred texts that contain the discourses of the Buddha.
Q36. In Jainism, what is the significance of the Digambara sect?
A36. The Digambara sect is known for its practice of naked asceticism and a different interpretation of Jain beliefs.
Q37. What is the principle in Buddhism that teaches the path between self-indulgence and self-mortification?
A37. The Middle Way.
Q38. Which Buddhist festival celebrates the birth, enlightenment, and death of Siddhartha Gautama?
A38. Vesak or Buddha Purnima.
Q39. In Jainism, what is the significance of the Ashtamangala?
A39. It is a set of eight auspicious symbols representing aspects of spiritual and worldly well-being.
Q40. What is the term for the Jain ritual of fasting to death, practiced by monks at the end of their life?
A40. Sallekhana or Santhara.
Q41. What is the primary symbol representing Jainism?
A41. The Jain symbol (Jain Prateek Chihna) consisting of the Swastika, hand with a raised palm, a crescent, and a dot.
Q42. What is the concept in Jainism that signifies non-attachment to material possessions and worldly desires?
A42. Aparigraha.
Q43. What is the Noble Eightfold Path in Buddhism?
A43. It is the path to the cessation of suffering, consisting of eight steps including Right View, Right Intention, Right Speech, and more.
Q44. What is the role of a Bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism?
A44. A Bodhisattva is an enlightened being who delays their own entry into Nirvana to help others attain enlightenment.
Q45. What is the term for the first discourse given by the Buddha after attaining enlightenment?
A45. Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta, also known as "Setting in Motion the Wheel of Dhamma."
Q46. In Buddhism, what is the significance of the "Three Jewels" or "Three Refuges"?
A46. The Three Jewels are Buddha (the teacher), Dharma (the teachings), and Sangha (the community of monks and nuns) that Buddhists take refuge in.
Q47. What is the concept in both Jainism and Buddhism that emphasizes the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth?
A47. Samsara.
Q48. What is the Jain festival that commemorates Lord Mahavira's birth?
A48. Mahavir Jayanti.
Q49. What is the Buddhist concept that signifies the law of cause and effect, determining one's future experiences?
A49. Karma.
Q50. Who was the immediate predecessor of Lord Mahavira among the Tirthankaras?
A50. Lord Parshvanatha.
Q51. In Jainism, what is the term for the state of omniscience achieved by the Tirthankaras?
A51. Kevala Jnana.
Q52. Which sect in Jainism practices the "Terapanth" tradition?
A52. The Sthanakvasi sect.
Q53. What is the concept in Buddhism that signifies the absence of a permanent self or soul?
A53. Anatta (Anatman).
Q54. What is the Buddhist festival celebrated by releasing caged animals as an act of merit?
A54. Vesak or Buddha Purnima.
Q55. Which branch of Buddhism is known for its meditation practices and the use of koans?
A55. Zen Buddhism.
Q56. What is the role of meditation in both Jainism and Buddhism?
A56. Meditation is a key practice in both traditions for achieving spiritual insight, mindfulness, and enlightenment.
Q57. In both Jainism and Buddhism, what is the ultimate goal of the spiritual path?
A57. Liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (Moksha in Jainism, Nirvana in Buddhism).
Q58. What is the term for the ritual in both Jainism and Buddhism where followers offer respect and devotion to revered beings?
A58. Puja or Worship.
Q59. In Jainism and Buddhism, what is the significance of non-violence and compassion toward all living beings?
A59. It is a central ethical principle and a key practice to attain spiritual growth and liberation.
Q60. What is the term for the ritualistic practice of ancient Jain monks to protect the sanctity of life while walking?
A60. Digambara Monks practiced "Chatursparni."
Q61. In Jainism, what is the concept of "Siddhashila"?
A61. It is the realm of enlightened and liberated beings, Siddhas, in Jain cosmology.
Q62. What is the main scripture for the Sthanakvasi sect of Jainism?
A62. The Samaysara is the primary text for the Sthanakvasi sect.
Q63. What is the Buddhist concept that denotes the state of unshakable, unconditioned, and permanent bliss?
A63. Nibbana (Nirvana).
Q64. What is the Buddhist term for the cycle of dependent origination, explaining the cause-and-effect relationship?
A64. Pratītyasamutpāda (Dependent Origination).
Q65. Which Buddhist school of thought emphasizes the idea that everything is an illusion and teaches meditation and mindfulness practices?
A65. Zen Buddhism.
Q66. In both Jainism and Buddhism, what is the role of the "Guru" or spiritual teacher?
A66. The Guru plays a crucial role in guiding disciples on the path to spiritual growth and liberation.
Q67. What is the Jain and Buddhist practice that involves fasting and penance to purify the soul and reduce karma?
A67. Tapas or Ascetic Practices.
Q68. In both Jainism and Buddhism, what is the significance of renouncing worldly attachments and desires?
A68. Renunciation is a means to attain spiritual progress and liberation from suffering.
Q69. What is the concept in Jainism that involves the act of intentional starvation by fasting until death?
A69. Sallekhana or Santhara.
Q70. In Jain cosmology, what is the highest heaven where liberated souls reside?
A70. Siddhashila or Siddhashram.
Q71. What is the principle in Jainism that signifies truthfulness and non-deception?
A71. Satya (Truth).
Buddhism:
Q72. What is the concept in Buddhism that involves the path of morality, meditation, and wisdom?
A72. The Noble Eightfold Path.
Q73. What is the name of the ceremony that marks a person's formal entry into the Buddhist monastic community?
A73. Ordination.
Q74. What is the core practice in Tibetan Buddhism that involves creating intricate sand mandalas and then dismantling them?
A74. Sand Mandala (Sand Painting).
Q75. In both Jainism and Buddhism, what is the ethical principle that involves refraining from taking what is not freely given?
A75. Non-Stealing (Asteya).
Q76. What is the role of the "Bhikkhu" or "Monk" in Buddhism?
A76. Bhikkhus follow the Vinaya (monastic rules) and are dedicated to the pursuit of spiritual awakening.
Q77. What is the fundamental principle of both Jainism and Buddhism that advocates non-violence and harmlessness?
A77. Ahimsa (Non-Violence).
Q78. What is the term in both Jainism and Buddhism that refers to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth?
A78. Samsara.
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