Light Bulb - Inventors: Thomas Edison and Sir Humphry Davy (contributions)
Radio - Inventor: Guglielmo Marconi
Computer - Charles Babbage (concept), and various contributors to the development of modern computers.
Penicillin - Inventor: Alexander Fleming (discovered its antibiotic properties)
Airplane - Inventors: Orville and Wilbur Wright
Internet - Inventors and contributors: Vinton Cerf, Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Kahn, and many others.
X-ray Machine - Inventor: Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
Microscope - Inventors: Hans and Zacharias Janssen (early compound microscope), Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (improved and advanced its use)
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) - Inventors: Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield
Vaccination - Inventors: Edward Jenner (smallpox vaccine), Louis Pasteur (rabies and other vaccines)
Printing Press - Inventor: Johannes Gutenberg
Steam Engine - Inventors: Thomas Newcomen and later improved by James Watt
Telescope - Inventor: Hans Lippershey (invented the refracting telescope)
Laser - Inventor: Theodore Maiman (demonstrated the first working laser)
Periodic Table - Inventor: Dmitri Mendeleev (developed the periodic table of elements)
Telephone Exchange - Inventor: Almon Strowger (invented the automatic telephone exchange)
Digital Camera - Inventor: Steven Sasson (built the first digital camera)
Electron Microscope - Inventor: Ernst Ruska (developed the electron microscope)
DNA Sequencing - Inventors: Frederick Sanger (developed the Sanger sequencing method) and others in the field of genetics.
Atomic Bomb - Inventors: Multiple scientists and engineers contributed to its development, notably J. Robert Oppenheimer and his team.
Transistor - Inventors: John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley (credited with the development of the first transistor)
Barcode - Inventor: Norman Woodland (co-invented the barcode)
Internet Protocol (IP) - Inventors: Robert Kahn and Vinton Cerf (developed the Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol, TCP/IP)
Laser Printer - Inventor: Gary Starkweather (developed the first laser printer)
MRI Scanner - Inventors: Raymond Vahan Damadian, Paul Lauterbur, and Sir Peter Mansfield (contributed to MRI technology)
GPS (Global Positioning System) - Inventors: Ivan Getting and Bradford Parkinson (contributed to the development of GPS)
CRISPR-Cas9 - Inventors: Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier (pioneered the CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology)
Fiber Optics - Inventors: Charles Kao (for work on optical fiber communication) and Narinder Kapany (contributed to the field)
Human Genome Project - A collaborative effort of numerous scientists and institutions to map the human genome.
Microprocessor - Inventors: Ted Hoff, Stanley Mazor, and Federico Faggin (developed the first microprocessor, Intel 4004).
Atomic Clock - Inventor: Louis Essen (pioneered the cesium atomic clock).
Electronically Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) - Inventors: Dov Frohman and Eli Harari (developed the EPROM technology).
GPS Receiver - Inventors: Roger L. Easton, Ivan Getting, and Bradford Parkinson (contributed to GPS technology).
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy - Inventors: Richard Ernst (pioneered NMR spectroscopy techniques).
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) - Inventor: Kary Mullis (developed the PCR technique).
CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing - Inventor: Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier (pioneered the CRISPR-Cas9 technology).
Heart Pacemaker - Inventor: Wilson Greatbatch (developed the implantable cardiac pacemaker).
The World Wide Web - Inventor: Tim Berners-Lee (created the first web browser and web server).
Digital Signal Processor (DSP) - Inventor: Thomas Stockham (pioneered the field of DSP).
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - Inventors: Paul Lauterbur and Sir Peter Mansfield (made significant contributions to MRI technology).
Velcro - Inventor: George de Mestral (invented the hook-and-loop fastener).
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy - Inventors: Zavoisky and Yevgeny Zavoisky (pioneered EPR spectroscopy).
Superconducting Magnet - Inventor: Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (discovered superconductivity in mercury).
Lithium-Ion Battery - Inventor: John B. Goodenough (developed the first practical lithium-ion battery).
Artificial Intelligence - The concept of AI has multiple contributors, including Alan Turing, John McCarthy, and others.
Space Telescope - The Hubble Space Telescope, for example, was developed by NASA, with contributions from various scientists and engineers.
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy - Inventor: Zavoisky and Yevgeny Zavoisky (pioneered EPR spectroscopy).
The Stethoscope - Inventor: René Laennec (invented the first stethoscope).
3D Printing - The concept of 3D printing has multiple contributors, and Charles Hull is known for developing the first stereolithography 3D printer.
Solar Cell - Inventor: Alexandre-Edmond Becquerel (discovered the photovoltaic effect).
Heart Transplant - Surgeon: Christiaan Barnard (performed the first successful heart transplant).
MRI - Inventors: Raymond Vahan Damadian, Paul Lauterbur, and Sir Peter Mansfield (contributed to MRI technology).
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) - Inventors: George H. Heilmeier and Louis Zanoni (developed the modern LCD).
Compact Disc (CD) - Developed by a team at Sony and Philips, including James T. Russell (contributed to digital optical storage).
Particle Accelerator - Multiple scientists and engineers have contributed to particle accelerator technology, such as Ernest Lawrence (inventor of the cyclotron).
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy - Multiple scientists have contributed to the development of NMR spectroscopy.
Pacemaker - Inventor: Wilson Greatbatch (developed the implantable cardiac pacemaker).
Wi-Fi - Developed by a team of engineers and scientists, including John O'Sullivan, John Deane, and Terence Percival.
The Internet - Developed over time by multiple contributors, including Vinton Cerf and Bob Kahn (for the TCP/IP protocol).
Digital Clock - Inventor: George H. Smith (developed the first digital alarm clock).
Artificial Heart - Inventors: Robert Jarvik, Paul Winchell, and others (contributed to the development of artificial hearts).
Nylon - Inventors: Wallace H. Carothers and his team at DuPont (invented nylon).
Magnetic Stripe Card - Inventor: Forrest Parry (developed the magnetic stripe on credit cards).
Light-Emitting Diode (LED) - Inventors: Nick Holonyak Jr. (invented the first practical visible-spectrum LED).
Digital Camera - Inventor: Steven Sasson (built the first digital camera).
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) - Inventors: George H. Heilmeier and Louis Zanoni (developed the modern LCD).
Teflon - Inventor: Roy Plunkett (discovered Teflon while working for DuPont).
Electron Beam Microscope - Inventor: Erwin Wilhelm Müller (pioneered the electron microscope).
The Periodic Table - Dmitri Mendeleev (developed the periodic table of elements).
The Space Suit - Inventor: Emilio Pucci (contributed to the design of space suits).
Segway - Inventor: Dean Kamen (developed the Segway personal transporter).
Polio Vaccine - Inventors: Jonas Salk (inactivated polio vaccine) and Albert Sabin (oral polio vaccine).
Insulin - Inventors: Frederick Banting and Charles Best (discovered insulin's use in treating diabetes).
Carbon Fiber - Developed by multiple researchers, including Roger Bacon (early work on carbon fibers).
Artificial Kidney - Inventors: Willem Kolff and Nils Alwall (contributed to the development of dialysis machines).
Electronic Calculator - Inventor: Jack Kilby (developed the first integrated circuit-based calculator).
Virtual Reality - Ivan Sutherland and Bob Sproull (pioneered early VR technology).
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) - Inventors: George H. Heilmeier and Louis Zanoni (developed the modern LCD).
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